| |
|
Print version | Set as Homepage
|
| |
General information about Aluminium |
| Aluminium |
| Al |
| 13 |
| Poor metal |
| 13 |
| 3 |
| p |
| grey |
| 26.9815386(13) g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p1 |
| 2, 8, 3 |
| |
|
Physical properties of Aluminium |
| solid |
| 2.70 g·cm-3 |
933.47(K),
660.32°C, 1220.58°F |
| 2792(K),
2519°C, 4566°F |
| ? |
| ? |
| 10.71 kJ·mol-1 |
| 294.0 kJ·mol-1 |
| 24.20 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 1.61 (Pauling scale) |
| |
|
Atomic structure of Aluminium |
| 1.82 Å |
| 10 cm³/mol |
| 1.18 Å |
| 0.232 |
| Cubic face centered |
| 51 (+3e) |
| 3p1 |
| 13 |
| 14 |
| 13 |
| 3 |
| 3s2p1 |
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Electron dot
model |
Other languages |
|
| |
|
| Latin: |
Aluminium |
| Czech: |
Hliník |
| Croatian: |
Aluminij |
| French: |
Aluminium |
| German: |
Aluminium - r |
| Italian: |
Alluminio |
| Norwegian: |
Aluminium |
| Portuguese: |
Alumínio |
| Spanish: |
Alumínio |
| Swedish: |
Aluminium |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Element |
|
|
Brief description |
| |
Aluminum has a melting point of 660.37°C, boiling point of 2467°C, specific gravity of 2.6989 (20°C), and valence of 3. Pure aluminum is a silvery-white metal. It is soft, light, relatively nontoxic, with a high thermal conductivity, and high corrosion resistance. It can be easily formed, machined, or cast. Aluminum is nonmagnetic and nonsparking. It is second among metals in terms of malleability and sixth in ductility. Aluminum coatings are highly reflective of both visible and radiant heat. The coatings form a thin layer of protective oxide and do not deteriorate like silver coatings.
|
|
Uses of Aluminium |
| |
Ancient Greeks and Romans used alum as an astringent, for medicinal purposes, and as a mordant in dyeing. It is used in kitchen utensils, exterior decorations, and thousands of industrial applications. Although the electrical conductivity of aluminum is only about 60% that of copper per area of cross section, aluminum is used in electrical transmission lines because of its light weight. The alloys of aluminum are used in the construction of aircraft and rockets. Reflective aluminum coatings are used for telescope mirrors, making decorative paper, packaging, and many other uses. Alumina is used in glassmaking and refractories. Synthetic ruby and sapphire have applications in producing coherent light for lasers.
|
|
Hystory of Aluminium |
| |
- Discoverer: Hans Christian Oersted
- Discovery Location: Denmark
- Discovery Year: 1827
- Name Origin: Latin alumen: alum, an astringent and dyeing mordant
|
| |
|
a/barns: