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General information about Calcium |
| calcium |
| Ca |
| 20 |
| alkaline earth metals |
| 2 |
| 4 |
| s |
| dull grey, silver |
| 40.078(4) g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6 4s2 |
| 2, 8, 8, 2 |
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Physical properties of Calcium |
| solid |
| 1.55 g·cm-3 |
| 1115(K), 842°C, 1548°F |
| 1757(K), 1484°C, 2703°F |
| ? |
| ? |
| 8.54 kJ·mol-1 |
| 154.7 kJ·mol-1 |
| 25.929 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 1.00 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Calcium |
| 2.23 Å |
| 29.9 cm³/mol |
| 1.74 Å |
| 0.43 |
| Cubic face centered |
| 99 (+2e) |
| 4s2 |
| 20 |
| 20 |
| 20 |
| 2 |
| 4s2 |
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Electron dot
model |
Other languages |
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| Latin: |
Calcium |
| Czech: |
Vápník |
| Croatian: |
Kalcij |
| French: |
Calcium |
| German: |
Kalzium - r |
| Italian: |
Calcio |
| Norwegian: |
Kalsium |
| Portuguese: |
Cálcio |
| Spanish: |
Calcio |
| Swedish: |
Kalcium |
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| Element |
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Brief description |
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The melting point of calcium is 839 +/- 2C, boiling point is 1484C, specific gravity is 1.55 (20C), with a valence of 2. Calcium is a silvery white, soft alkaline earth metal. Although none of the alkaline earths occur free in nature, calcium compounds are abundant.
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Uses of Calcium |
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Calcium is essential for human nutrition. Animals skeletons get their rigidity primarily from calcium phosphate. The eggs of birds and shells of mollusks are comprised of calcium carbonate. Calcium is also necessary for plant growth. Calcium is used as a reducing agent when preparing metals from their halogen and oxygen compounds; as a reagent in purification of inert gases; to fix atmospheric nitrogen; as a scavenger and decarbonizer in metallurgy; and for making alloys. Calcium compounds are used in making lime, bricks, cement, glass, paint, paper, sugar, glazes, as well as for many other uses.
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Hystory of Calcium |
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- Discoverer: Humphrey Davy
- Discovery Location: England
- Discovery Year: 1808
- Name Origin: Latin calx, calcis: lime
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