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General information about Carbon |
| Carbon |
| C |
| 6 |
| Nonmetal |
| 14 |
| 2 |
| p |
| dense, black |
| 12.0107 g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2 2p2 or [He] 2s2 2p2 |
| 2;4 |
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Physical properties of Carbon |
| solid |
| 2.25 (g/cc) (graphite) |
| 3800(K) (graphite),
3527°C, 6381°F |
| 4300(K),
4027°C, 7281°F |
| 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, -3, -4 |
| ? |
| 117 (graphite) kJ·mol-1 |
| 77(sp³), 73(sp²), 69(sp) pm |
8.517(graphite),
6.155 (diamond) J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 2.55 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Carbon |
| 0.91 Å |
| 5.3 cc/mol |
| 0.77 Å |
| 0.0035 |
| Hexagonal |
| 16 (+4e) 260 (-4e) |
| 2p² |
| 6 |
| 6 |
| 6 |
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Electron dot
model |
Other languages |
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| Latin: |
Carboneum |
| Czech: |
Uhlík |
| Croatian: |
Ugljik |
| French: |
Carbone |
| German: |
Kohlenstoff - r |
| Italian: |
Carbonio |
| Norwegian: |
Karbon |
| Portuguese: |
Carbono |
| Spanish: |
Carbono |
| Swedish: |
Kol |
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| Element |
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Brief description |
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Carbon, an element of prehistoric discovery, is very widely distributed in nature. It is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, and atmospheres of most planets.
Carbon in the form of microscopic diamonds is found in some meteorites. Natural diamonds are found in kimberlite of ancient volcanic "pipes," found in South Africa, Arkansas, and elsewhere. Diamonds are now also being recovered from the ocean floor off the Cape of Good Hope. About 30% of all industrial diamonds used in the U.S. are now made synthetically.
The energy of the sun and stars can be attributed at least in part to the well-known carbon-nitrogen cycle.
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Uses of Carbon |
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Carbon forms numerous and varied compounds with limitless applications. Many thousands of carbon compounds are integral to life processes. Diamond is prized as a gemstone and is used for cutting, drilling, and as bearings. Graphite is used as a crucible for melting metals, in pencils, for rust protection, for lubrication, and as a moderator for slowing neutrons for atomic fission. Amorphous carbon is used for removing tastes and odors.
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Hystory of Carbon |
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It was known long time ago.
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a/barns: