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General information about Chlorine |
| chlorine |
| Cl |
| 17 |
| Halogen |
| 17 |
| 3 |
| p |
| pale green gas |
| 35.453(2) g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p5 |
| 2, 8, 7 |
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Physical properties of Chlorine |
| gas |
| ? |
| 171.6(K), -101.5°C, -150.7°F |
| 239.11(K), -34.4°C, -29.27°F |
| ? |
| 416.9(K), 7.991 MPa |
| (Cl2) 6.406 kJ·mol-1 |
| (Cl2) 20.41 kJ·mol-1 |
| (Cl2) 33.949 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 3.16 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Chlorine |
| 0.97 Å |
| 22.7 cm³/mol |
| 0.99 Å |
| 35.5 |
| Orthorhombic |
| ? |
| 3p5 |
| 17 |
| 18 |
| 17 |
| -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 |
| 3s2p5 |
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Electron dot
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Other languages |
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| Latin: |
Chlorum |
| Czech: |
Chlor |
| Croatian: |
Klor |
| French: |
Chlore |
| German: |
Chlor - r |
| Italian: |
Cloro |
| Norwegian: |
Klor |
| Portuguese: |
Clóro |
| Spanish: |
Cloro |
| Swedish: |
Klor |
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| Element |
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Brief description |
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Chlorine has a melting point of -100.98C, boiling point of -34.6C, density of 3.214 g/l, specific gravity of 1.56 (-33.6C), with a valence of 1, 3, 5, or 7. Chlorine is a member of the halogen group of elements and directly combines with almost all of the other elements. Chlorine gas is a greenish yellow. Chlorine figures prominently in many organic chemistry reactions, particularly in substitutions with hydrogen. The gas acts as an irritant for respiratory and other mucous membranes. The liquid form will burn the skin. Humans can smell as low an amount as 3.5 ppm. A few breaths at a concentration of 1000 ppm is usually fatal.
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Uses of Chlorine |
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Chlorine is used in many everyday products. It is used for disinfecting drinking water. Chlorine is used in the production of textiles, paper products, dyes, petroleum products, medicines, insecticides, disinfectants, foods, solvents, plastics, paints, and many other products. The element is used to manufacture chlorates, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and in the extraction of bromine. Chlorine has been used as a chemical warfare agent.
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Hystory of Chlorine |
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- Discoverer: Carl Wilhelm Scheele
- Discovery Location:Sweden
- Discovery Year: 1774
- Name Origin: Greek: chloros: greenish-yellow
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