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General information about Chromium |
| Chromium |
| Cr |
| 24 |
| Transition Metals |
| 6 |
| 4 |
| d |
| silvery metallic |
| 51.9961 g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d5 4s1 |
| 2, 8, 13, 1 |
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Physical properties of Chromium |
| solid |
| 7.19 g·cm-3 |
| 2180(K), 1907°C, 3465°F |
| 2944(K),
2671°C, 4840°F |
| ? |
| ? |
| 21.0 kJ·mol-1 |
| 339.5 kJ·mol-1 |
| 23.35 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 1.66 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Chromium |
| 1.85 Å |
| 7.23 cm³/mol |
| 1.18 Å |
| 3.1 |
| Cubic body centered |
| 52 (+6e) 63 (+3e) |
| 3d5 |
| 24 |
| 28 |
| 24 |
| 6, 3, 2 |
| 3d5 4s1 |
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Electron dot
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Other languages |
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| Latin: |
Chromium |
| Czech: |
Chrom |
| Croatian: |
Krom |
| French: |
Chrome |
| German: |
Chrom - r |
| Italian: |
Cromo |
| Norwegian: |
Krom |
| Portuguese: |
Crômio |
| Spanish: |
Cromo |
| Swedish: |
Krom |
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| Element |
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Brief description |
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Chromium has a melting point of 1857+/-20°C, boiling point of 2672°C, specific gravity of 7.18 to 7.20 (20°C), with valences usually 2, 3, or 6. The metal is a lustous steel-gray color which takes a high polish. It is hard and resistant to corrosion. Chromium has a high melting point, stable crystalline structure, and moderate thermal expansion. All chromium compounds are colored. Chromium compounds are toxic.
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Uses of Chromium |
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Chromium is used to harden steel. It is a component of stainless steel and many other alloys. The metal is commonly used for plating to produce a shiny, hard surface that is resistant to corrosion. Chromium is used as a catalyst. It is added to glass to produce an emerald green color. Chromium compounds are important as pigments, mordants, and oxidizing agents.
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Hystory of Chromium |
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- Discoverer: Louis Vauquelin
- Discovery Location: France
- Discovery Year: 1797
- Name Origin: Greek: chroma - color
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