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General information about Ruthenium |
| Ruthenium |
| Ru |
| 44 |
| Transition Metals |
| 8 |
| 5 |
| d |
| silvery white metallic |
| 101.07 g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d10 4s2p6d7 5s1 |
| 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 |
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Physical properties of Ruthenium |
| solid |
| 12.45 g·cm-3 |
| 2607(K), 2334°C, 4233°F |
| 4423(K),
4150°C, 7502°F |
| ? |
| ? |
| 38.59 kJ·mol-1 |
| 591.6 kJ·mol-1 |
| 24.06 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 2.3 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Ruthenium |
| 1.89 Å |
| 8.3 cm³/mol |
| 1.25 Å |
| 2.56 |
| Hexagonal |
| 67 (+4e) |
| 4d7 |
| 44 |
| 57 |
| 44 |
| 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 |
| 4d7 5s1 |
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Electron dot
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Other languages |
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| Latin: |
Ruthenium |
| Czech: |
Ruthenium |
| Croatian: |
Rutenij |
| French: |
Ruthénium |
| German: |
Ruthenium - s |
| Italian: |
Rutenio |
| Norwegian: |
Ruthenium |
| Portuguese: |
Rutênio |
| Spanish: |
Rutenio |
| Swedish: |
Rutenium |
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| Element |
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Brief description |
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Ruthenium occurs with other members of the platium group of metals in the Ural mountains and in North and South America. It is also found in the Sudbury, Ontario nickel-mining region and in the pyroxinite deposits of South Africa. A complex process is used to isolate ruthenium. The final step is hydrogen reduction of ammonium ruthenium chloride to yields a powder that is consolidated by powder metallurgy or argon-arc welding.
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Uses of Ruthenium |
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Ruthenium is one of the best hardeners for addition to palladium or platinum. It is alloyed with these metals to make electrical contacts with extreme wear resistance. One ruthenium-molybdenum alloy is superconductive at 10.6 K. Adding 0.1% ruthenium to titanium improves its corrosion resistance a factor of a hundred. Ruthenium oxides are versatile catalysts.
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Hystory of Ruthenium |
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- Discoverer: Karl Klaus
- Discovery Location: Russia
- Discovery Year: 1808
- Name Origin:. Latin: Ruthenia - name of Russia.
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