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General information about Sodium |
| sodium |
| Na |
| 11 |
| alkani metals |
| 1 |
| 3 |
| s |
| soft, silvery-white metal |
| 22.98976928(2) g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s1 |
| 2, 8, 1 |
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Physical properties of Sodium |
| solid |
| ? |
| 370.87(K), 97.72°C, 207.9°F |
| 1156(K), 883°C, 1621°F |
| ? |
| (extrapolated) 2573(K), 35 MPa |
| 2.60 kJ·mol-1 |
| 97.42 kJ·mol-1 |
| 28.230 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 0.93 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Sodium |
| 2.23 Å |
| 23.7 cm³/mol |
| 1.54 Å |
| 0.53 |
| Cubic body centered |
| 97 (+1e) |
| 3s¹ |
| 11 |
| 12 |
| 11 |
| 1 |
| 3s¹ |
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Electron dot
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Other languages |
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Sodium has a melting point of 97.81 +/- 0.03C, boiling point of 882.9C, specific gravity of 0.971 (20C), and a valence of 1. Sodium is a bright, silvery metal. It is soft and highly reactive. Sodium may ignite spontaneously on water. It does not usually ignite in air at temperatures below 115C.
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Sodium chloride is important for animal nutrition. Sodium compounds are used in the glass, soap, paper, textile, chemical, petroleum, and metal industries. Metallic sodium is used in manufacturing of sodium peroxide, sodium cyanide, sodamide, and sodium hydride. Sodium is used in preparing tetraethyl lead. It is used in the reduction of organic esters and preparation of organic compounds. Sodium metal may be used to improve the structure of some alloys, to descale metal, and to purify molten metals. Sodium, as well as NaK, an alloy of sodium with potassium, are important heat transfer agents.
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