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General information about Vanadium |
| Vanadium |
| V |
| 23 |
| Transition Metals |
| 5 |
| 4 |
| d |
| blue-silver-grey metal |
| 50.9415 g·mol-1 |
| 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d3 4s2 |
| 2, 8, 11, 2 |
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Physical properties of Vanadium |
| solid |
| 6.0 g·cm-3 |
| 2183(K), 1910°C, 3470°F |
| 3680(K),
3407°C, 6165°F |
| ? |
| ? |
| 21.5 kJ·mol-1 |
| 459 kJ·mol-1 |
| 24.89 J·mol-1·K-1 |
| 1.63 (Pauling scale) |
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Atomic structure of Vanadium |
| 1.92 Å |
| 8.78 cm³/mol |
| 1.22 Å |
| 5.08 |
| Cubic body centered |
| 59 (+5e) 74 (+3e) |
| 3d3 |
| 23 |
| 28 |
| 23 |
| 5, 3 |
| 3d3 4s2 |
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Electron dot
model |
Other languages |
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| Latin: |
Vanadium |
| Czech: |
Vanad |
| Croatian: |
Vanadij |
| French: |
Vanadium |
| German: |
Vanadin - r |
| Italian: |
Vanadio |
| Norwegian: |
Vanadium |
| Portuguese: |
Vanádio |
| Spanish: |
Vanadio |
| Swedish: |
Vanadin |
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| Element |
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Brief description |
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Vanadium has a melting point of 1890+/-10°C, boiling point of 3380°C, specific gravity of 6.11 (18.7°C), with a valence of 2, 3, 4, or 5. Pure vanadium is a soft, ductile bright white metal. Vanadium has good corrosion resistance to alkalis, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and saltwater, but it oxidizes readily at temperatures exceeding 660°C. The metal has good structural strength and a low fission neutron cross section. Vanadium and all of its compounds are toxic and should be handled with care.
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Uses of Vanadium |
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Vanadium is used in nuclear applications, for producing rust-resistant spring and high-speed tool steels, and as a carbide stabilizer in making steels. Approximately 80% of the vanadium that is produced is used as a steel additive or ferrovanadium. Vanadium foil is used as a bonding agent for cladding steel with titanium. Vanadium pentoxide is used as a catalyst, as a mordant for dyeing and printing fabrics, in the manufacture of aniline black, and in the ceramics industry. Vanadium-gallium tape is used to produce superconducting magnets.
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Hystory of Vanadium |
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- Discoverer: Andrés Manuel del Río
- Discovery Location:
- Discovery Year: 1801
- Name Origin: Vanadis a Scandinavian goddess.
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